Tabulating apparatus.



Patented June 25, I90l.

H. HOLLERITH. TABULATING APPARATUS.

(Application filed July 17, '1900.) (No Model.) 3 l0 Sheets-Sheet l.

- v INVENTOR WITNESSES: A? 40% 9.4,. QIAH ATTORNEYS TH! warns rains co, PNOTD-UTNO.. wnmnm'on, n. c.

No. 677,2I4. A A

-H. HOLLERITH. TABULATING APPARATUS. (n n w (Appliuuon fllcd Jul 1 190% Patented June 25, l90l.

I0 Shoots-Sheet 3.

WITNESSES:

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No. 677,2l4. Patented June 25, 1901.

A u. HOLLERITH.

TABULATING APPARATUS.

mvamow ATTORNEYS l0 Sheets-Sheet 4.

gamma filed m 17, 1900.)

(No Model.)

m: nonms FEI'ERS cov. mo

No. 677,2I4.

Patented June 25, MIL H. HOLLERITH.

I TABULATING APPARATUS.

(Application filed July 17, 1900.) (No Iodei.) l0 Shaets-8haet -5.

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v. Patented Juno 25, I901. H. HOLLERITH.

' TABULATING APPARATUS.

on filed July 17, 1900.

l0 Sheets-Sheet 8.

(Appliclti No. 677,214. (No Model.)

mvzmon ATTORNEYS 1 A Z W: y

Jaw/W WITNESSES? f ts UNITED STATES] PATENT OFFICE.-

HERMAN HOLLERlTl-I, OF GARRETT PARK, MARYLAND.

TABULATING A' P'PARATus.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent 0. 677,214, dated ime 25,- 1901 Application filed July 17, 1900. Serial No. 24,019 (No model.) i

To all whom it inay concern:

Be it known that I, HERMAN IIoLLERITH,.a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Garrett Park, Montgomery county, Maryland have invented certain new and useful Improvements" in Tabulating vApparatus, of'

which the following is afull, clear,'and exact description referencebeing'had to the accompanying drawings, formingpart of this specification. y

My invention relates to improvements in means and apparatus for'tabulating data,'such ,registerfthe items otteach class org'roup sepa- ,rately upon a registeraszeach record is pre- '2 5 .fsented to the apparat.us, and th'especial form as statistical items which have been designated in or upon a suitable record For the purpose of simplicity and clearness of description, but without intending to thereby place any limitation or restriction upon my invention, I will in describing it refer to apparatus which I havesp'ecially designed and arranged forthetabulationof statistics relating to the transportation of freight. The apparatus is arranged to classify the data designated upon the record and toftot'alize and of apparatus which} I have selected for the purpose of this description comprisesacontroller'arrang'ed to coactxwith a record upon which have been designated four-groups of items to be'tabulated, four'registers one.for.v

each group and each comprising a plurality of indicators, eight in number a'rranged in oferror'intheselcctionof a record for'tabu lation in any series; an; arrangementofi electrical circuitsand devices thefactionof' which is controlled orgoverned by th'e}record,,an'd. 5o other dcvices and features which w-ill be referred to: in the detailed. description ofthe' A apparatus. This particular'form.of appara f decimal progression from units to tens of mil'f lions, actuating mechanismfor five'of these indicators whereby each of; them is con trolled directly, by the coaction'of the controllerand' the record independently of the action :ofany other :indicatorin the register, carryingjde vices "from [each indicator to the one next 7 higher in series, resetting devices for moving. 1,- the indicators, to zerowhen the tabulation of any seriesofitemsis completed, a selector t which will prevent the operatio'nbf the indicatorsand may alsooperate av signal in case,

fratus embodying my invention.

ferred form of controller.

front viewo'f the same.

- section being takentus is designed for electrical operation and for the arrangement, form, and character of the record, the number, and especially the construction and arrangement, of the registers, indicators, and actuators and the parts thereof, and the apparatus, devices, and meanscooperating therewith may be widely varied withoutinvolving any departure frommy in- I yention. p 7

In thedrawings, Figure 1 represents a general topor plan, viewof the tabulatingappa+ Fig. 2 is a central transverse sectional View of the prep h a Fig. 3 is a transverse sectional View of the same, taken upon thefplane of the line 3 3 05m .1.' Eig. AL is a transversesectionalTview of a selector.

Fig. orepresents a side-elevation of one of the registers. section of the same, taken upon theplane of the linefi'ti of Fig. Fig. 7 represents a Fig. 6 represents avertical' vertical sectionof the same, takenuponthe plane of the line? 7 of Fig.8.

longitudinal sectionf Fig.9." Fig. 12 represen patransverse section OE-the same,ithe.plane*of sectionbeing taken upon theline1212 or r 1 e; Fig. 13 isa diagrammatic view of the' systeinof eleca trical circuitsemployed in this apparatus; Fig. 214 is ayview of arecor'cl-card s itably prepared for coactio'nwith the controller; I

Similar-reference characters designate corresponding parts in all theviews. A 1

Y ln'th'e tabulation ofstatisticsrelatin to thetransportation of'freight the items of each i invoice which maybe tabulated are, for in- Fig. 8 repre- 4 sents a vertical'transverse section of the same, taken upon the plane ofthe line. 8 8 of Fig.

7.; Fig. 9 isa top view, of certainclutch and 1 starting mechanism employed. -Fig. 10 is a j l ig.:1l represents a A the same, theplane of on the linell' 1l;of

roo

stance, first, weight, (in pounds second,pro j grtional charge, (in'do llars and cents 5 special work, and for the tabulation of the items referred to consistsof a card (shown in L V r 1 1n Fig. 14) upon which are pri-nted'columns of numerals from 033 to '9, arranged in groups numbered 7, 8, 9'; 10, and 11 The group opposite the perforations in the card will pass through the perforations "'and complete an electrical connection between the cond1ictorsf75 connecting with the pins and those connect- IO 3containsnumeralsforitems ofweight,gro ip ing with the mercury-cups, while the pins 9forproportionalcharge,grouplOforadvance;which are not opposite perforations 'will be change, and group 11 forfprepaid charge. As- F .held'backby the record-card andfprevented suming now an entry upon a way-billfro'n 'fI'0l I.' l,GI 1tQlflng'-BhQ mercury-cups.

Y I one station (indicated by the numberf3 5) f Theelectrical devices by wh'ch thispa'r- 15 showing weight two thousandone hundred aticnlarapparatus'isoperated areall connected and eight pounds, proportional charge twelye T inserifes, sothat'if thecircuit be openatany c nts, adva c h r e i911! dcl si ndi prep dcharg the eit ms r t ansf r ort re dar, y pu in t the 26 e. f dfiii 'qcllimn il an 2 i pect e y, qf'g oflh 7, ind a n f s i o gseries towhi h the'card' be u s the 0 I in V .f2, he1 i. ef' ,"nan1 e t "r a .l r i I ,fi e columns ofgronl 8, the 0 ters with the opening 20 in, the be 25' thef 1,audthe"2f" thejfour whichisarrangedtocome in contact I v "group Q the 'ffO, the 4, 'the i fQ,-f=anidi th fpresse'd upwardlyfrela yt'to' O" in the four columns of grou'p 10 1 V tt 7 is lowered Two 1 oflr ph ti. f wi -7Q a Y T 9 per o th riil r i mg li -cjrec lyfi t, n

nlated relating to'thisparticul clatter is'low ing nd i the'spr kltejrnsfof the sameicharactenare d faceof the stationary flangeshown as formed integrally with the bearingfil. The clutch member 33 is also provided with anintegral inclined face,which'is arranged to form the clutch engagement with the member 32.-

The armature of the starting-magnet is secured'to the lever 36,-pivotally mounted upon a fixed support-37, and the outward movement of said lever is limited by the stop 38, while'the spring 39 normally holds said lever against said stop. The armature-lever 36 engages with the end of the power-shaft 28,preferably through the medium of the bearingdisks 40. (Shown in Figs. 9 and'll.)v The .parts are shown int-Figs. 9 to 13 in their normal position when the "circuit is open and the magnets 27 denergized. Upon the closing of the circuit the magnet 27 will attract the armature, which will cause; the power-shaft 28 to move longitud'inallyin its bearings, carrying the rotatingclutch member 32 into engagement withthe member 33andmoving the latter out of engagement with the internal conical face of the flange of the stationary'bearing 'As soon as this is effected theclutch and the shaft 42 will be caused to rotate until the circuit'through the startingmagnet is broken, when the spring 39will force the armature-lever back against the stop 38, andthe spring 35 will force the clutch membe'r.-33 into engagement withthe conical face of the bearing 31, which forms a brake,

and'thus immediately stops the rotation of said clutch member and of the shaft 42. The

bearing disks 40," one of which'is loosely mounted onthe shaft 28, permit that shaft to revolve freely notwithstanding the longitudi- T nal pressure exerted bythe armaturelever 36.

4 Upon the shaft 42, is mounted to rotate therewith a pinion43,;which meshes withthe spur-lwheel 44; The-shaft 42 also carries a pin-ion7c7, which meshes withspur-gears on the operating-shaft of each register,an'd the gears are so proportioned that the register j operating shafts andthe spur-wheel-44 .will

revolve synchronously. The spur-wheel '44 carries a pin'45, which liasa'cam-like-action v uponone end of the lever46;p'ivotallymountedupon'a; support'47. Thejopposite end of' said lever carries an insulated stud 48;which loosely engages with aspringicontact-tongue 49 inelectrical'connec'tiontwith the magnets 27. The tongue 49 is arrangedzto contact withthejterminal 50when 'thecam or pin 45 liftslthee'n'd of the lever 46iwith, which it on"- gages whe'nlthe apparatus is in its non-operatin'g position. lNh'en the. starting-magmets are energized and the spiur-vwheel44iis' rotated tact-with the terminalol; and such contact I will bemaintained untilth'ewheel44 is coml pletingits revolutiomwhen it will bebroken 6 5 and contact again established'with contact 50.

iv to" carry the f pin 45 outiofengagementfwiththe lever 46',Tthe lever will rock uponiits sup port and the tongue'49;will immediately con- Each of the registers 1', 2, 3, and 4 will preflerably be designated by some inscription,

which will indicate the character of data which it is'to tabu1ate,'and it will be understood that as many registers and as many groups of characters on the records are employed as there are classes of data or statistical items. The construction of the registors is shown most clearly in Figs. 5 to 8. Each register contains any desired number of registering elements or indicators 54. .In

the operation of registering these indicators necessarily have impart d to them a progressive movement in one direction, and they are preferably, although notenecessarily, in the form of revolving wheels or disks. The register 1 (which I have selected for the purpose of. detailed description) contains five indicators, which are actuated directly and independently by the actuators, and three additional indicators,-which are actuated only by ience three sets or series of numerals from F 0; to 9, inclusive, are carried on the periphery of each indicator 54. The indi cators are journalerl to rotateupon the shaft 55, supportedby the .side, frames 56, and an opening 57 is formed in the'front 58 of the register; The front 58is supported by the,

sideframes and'servesto conceal the mechanism'of the register, as well as allthenumeralsonthe indicators except those which are opposite the opening 57, in which position theyindicate a registry. The indicators are provided with peripheral ratchet-teeth, one

for each numeral on the indicator. The actuating'mechanism 60 for each-of thedirectlyactuated indicators is adapted to impart at eachoper'ationeach time it traverses its'path of 'movementa variable movement to'one or more of/the indicators, the extent of which 1 is governed or controlled by themeans em:

ployedjto efiect the engagement of the indicators and actuating mechanism. The ac ,tuatinglmcchanism which I employcin the special'formof register which I am now describingcomprises a transverse bar 61, mount ed :upon side arms 62, loosely journaled. on;

the shaft 55. Theside'a'rms'62 are also connected and-braced by the transversebar 63. A pawl .64 for each of. the directly-actuated indicators is 'pivotally mounted at 65 insultable supports 66;carried bythe transverse bars 6l and63, and a coil-spring 67 for each pawl tends to rock the'pawl upon its pivot,

sothatrthe pawl when released may'engage Q 7 the outer end of the latch up against the bar I sufficient-t0 cover nine theindicatorsr g a p The means which I employ inithe form of. apparatus herein shown'and described for 'determiningthe extent of movement in] parted to each indicatorat each operation or there "are "nine vmagnets: for each of 17116 digreatlyactuated indicators, Each magnet 78 register.

, tending acrossthe register and secured to the the pinions 77 secured to the shaft 42.

" a plurality of electromagnets-78, mounted "upon yokes 79,: which are secured between a bars 81, whichextend between and are-supforations, as. prcviouslydescribed,the second magnet. ofithei nnitsseries and .thefirst mag- 1 net of the tens. serieswillbeenergized and 7c the trippin'g-pawls 86 of eachof saidmagnets will be released. If new the indicatoractuating mechanism be moved through its path .of movement by the rotation of-the" spur wheel 74, therendsl of the latches 68 75 opposite said 'pawls will be engaged by the' latter, lifting their hooked ends and releas- -ing.the -pawls.64; The pawltof the unitsindicator-actuating mechanism will engage that toothof tits-indicator which is opposite the second. magnetof its series and that indicator. will be rotated the distance of two teeth or two of theperipheral numerals; The pawl of theltens-actuating mechanism will engage that tooth of its indicator which-isopposite the firstjmagnet ofiits series,'and the 1- tenst-indicator Willbe rotated'the distance of v one toothor one numeraL-thereby' adding. 7 twelve to the number'previonsl y registered. If a number is to'beadded which contains a cipher, nomovement of the indicator-con trolled by that column, of the record willb necessary; 'b nt it-w 1' be 'necessarywiththe arrangementof cir s which I have alread I described to lp'nnchout the ciphers here 51" they occurlin 'anynu nber; to be added; A9 resistance-coil94 is therefore provided in each 1 i :1 series of ,magnetsand isconnected witheach of the mercuryrcup's controlled by theciphers' ir'r'each column of the record} the resistance i the) r the teeth 59 of its indicator. Each pawl'has: a latch 68, which normally. holds it out of; engagement with the ratchet-teeth 59.by'engaging with the pin 69, with which each pawll is provided. The latch 68 is pivotally mounted at 70 upon the support 66, and a spring 71 (shown in dotted lines, Fig.7) tends to hold 63. Connecting-rods 72 connect the sidearms t 62 with the spur-wheels 74 oneach side of the 1 The spur-wheels 74 are mounted 1 upon the register-operating shaft 75, journaled in bearings 76, carried byta plate ex-, ,8o j

The spur-gears 74 mesh with A sin- 1 gle revolution of the spur-gear 74 will.thverefore cause a' reciprocation of. the actuating mechanism through. a fixed range of move: ment, such range of movement being atv least of the ratchet-teeth on;

side frames 56.

stroke of theacbr dting'mechanism comprises pair of SectOr-plates-SO, carriedbythevcro ss I ported'by the side frames 56-..YAs shown,

described hereinafter, each operation of the apparatus or of'the controller producing one forward and return movement or one complete operation of the actuating mechanism through its fixed rangeor path of movement.

As the actuating mechanism approaches theend of its complete movement due to one complete revolution of the spur wheel 74:, the

pawls 69, which have been tripped during the forward movement of the actuating mechanism, will be reset or returned to their initial position'by the engagement of theirlower ends with the bar 92-, rigidly supported by the arms 93, secured at each side of the register to the cross-bar 81.

Thecarrying devices between the ind-ica-,

tors are arranged in the special form of register illustrated to carry each'tenth unit of movement from each indicator to the one next higher in the series, and as the direct movement'of the indicators by their actuating means is produced on the forward movement of the latter I have arranged the carrying devices to operate on the return movement, so that the two movements of the indicators shall'not conflict. The carrying device comprises a plurality of bell-crank levers 96, journaled upon a stationary shaft 97. Said levers are provided with onevertical and two horizontal arms. The vertical arm carries a spring-actuated pawl 98, which engages with the teeth 59 of the indicator which is actuated by the carrying device. The forwardlyextending horizontal arm of each lever is provided with a pin 99,.which engages with a latch-lever 100, pivotally mounted upon a fixed pin 101, carried by a plate 102, secured to the side frames of the register. The indicators are provided with three pins or studs 103, (shown in Fig. 7 in dotted lines and in Fig. 8 in full lines,) one for each series of unmerals on the indicators. The upper end of the latch-lever is provided with an inclined face,wh ich-lies in the path of the studs 103 on the indicator from which the carrying device is actuated. Thus in carrying from units to tens the pawl 98 will engage with the tens-wheel, while its latch 100 will engage the studs on the units-wheel. The studs 103 are so arranged on the indicators that as the indicators are actuated to move the numeral 9 of any series of numerals on any indicator below thesight-opening 57 the stud for that series of numerals will engage-with the inclined face of the lever 100 and will rock said lever and release the pin 99 on the bell-' crank lever, and under the action of spring 105 the vertical arm of said lever will be drawn forward until arrested by the engagement of the forwardly-extending horizontal arm with the cross-bar 106. The parts are so proportioned that this forward movement of the bellcrank lever produced by the action of the stud on one indicator of the series will cause the pawl to move over and pick up one ratchettooth on the next higher indicator. Springs 107 tend to hold the latch-levers in operative opening. the numeral 5 appears opposite the openposition. A shaft 108 carries a series of radial cams 111, one for each bell-crank lever. Gears 109 and 110 cause said shaft to rotate with shaft75, but in the opposite direction, so that the cams 111 will be rotated in the direction shown by the arrow in Fig. 7. The

rearwardly-extending arms 112 of the bellcrank levers 96 carry antifriction-rollers 113, which are moved up into the path of the cams 111 when said levers are released by the latclrlOO and drawn forward by the spring 105. Assuming now that the register shows a registry of 99, 9 on the units and 9 on the tens-indicator, and the actuating devices by the means to be presently described are actuated to addsix to this number, one of the studs 103 will by the movement of the units-indicator release its latch-lever as the numeral 9 thereon passes below the sight The indicator will be moved'until ing and will there rest as the indicator-actuating means reaches the limit of its forward movement. By the release of the latch-lever the bell-crank lever 96 controlled thereby is also released, and the pawl 98 will be drawn forward to pick up one ratchet-tooth on the tens-indicator. The roller 113 on the bellcrank lever will be at the same time thrown into the path of the cam 111 nearest the left hand side of the register, Fig. 8. 11.1 are arranged in angular relation with each other upon the shaft 108, so that they will come into operative position successively, beginning with the cam at the left, just referred to, which is adjusted to engage the roller 113 as soon as the indicator-actuator commences its return movement. The engagement of said cam with said roller will force the arm 112 and roller 113 downwardly. The cams 111 are so proportioned that the movement of the bell-crank lever so produced will move the pawl 98 and the indicator with which it The cams toe engages (the tens-indicator) the distance of one tooth, or from 9 to 0, bringing the cipher opposite the sight opening. This movement'of the tens-indicator will release its latch 100 in exactly the same way as the latch for the units-indicator was released and will throw the roller 113 on the second bellcrank lever into the path of the second cam.

The continued rotation of the cam-shaft 108 during the return of the indicator-actuator means will cause this cam to move the pawl which engages the hundreds-indicator the distance of one tooth, which will move the hundreds-indicator from O to 1, and the registry will be 105, no furthur action of the indicators occuring during the remainder of the return movement of the actuators. As

the arms 112 are forced down by the cams the pin 99 on the opposite horizontal arm of the bell-crank lever will ride up the beveled lower end 114 of the latch 100, forcing the latch back and permitting the pin to reengage the hook formed therein.

The resetting device, by which all the in-;

117 with the stop 123.

dicators of each register are-returned to their initial or zero position after the completion of one tabulation, comprises a resetting-lever 117, rigidlysecured to the shaft 55, to which are also rigidly secured the-arms 118. A bar 119, provided'with a series of pawl-like fingers 120, one for each indicator, is pivotally mounted in the' 'arms 118. A spring 121 tends to hold an arm on the bar 119 against the stop 122, carried by one of the arms 118. In the normal ornon-operating position of the bar.

119, however, the fingers 120 will rest upon the studs 103 of such ofthe indicators as are in their initial or "zero position, the arm on the bar119 being lifted clear of engagement with the stop 122; but when deprived of the support aiforded by the studs 103, either by the-rotation of-the indicators or the forward movement of the bar, the latter under the action of spring 121 will cause the bar to rotate slightly until its arm contacts with the stop 122. The studs 103 on such indicators as have been advanced from their zero position will then lie in the path of the ends of the fingers 120 when the latter are moved forward by operating the resetting-lever 117, which willrotate the shaft 55 and carry forward the arms 118 and'finger-bar119. The resetting-lever 117, and consequently the fingers 120, are limited in their forward movement by the stop 123, secured to the side frame 56, Fig.5, and in their return movement by the engagement of the arm 132 of the resetting-lever with thelug 131, carried by the spring-tongue 129. If, therefore, any of the indicators have been advanced from their zero position, so that any of the numerals from l to 9 appear opposite the sight-. v

opening 57, when the resetting-lever 117 is actuated, as described, the fingers 120 of all the indicators which have been advanced will in their forward movement engage the studs 103 and rotate said indicators until the zeros of the next series of numerals appear oppositethe opening 57,when their movement will be arrested by the engagement'of the lever The indicators will then all read zero. The pawls will prevent any movement of theindicators during the return movement of the resetting devices, and when the return movement of the latter is arrested by the lug 131 the fingers will all rest on the studs 103 belonging to the next series of numerals on the indicator.

With the special form of indicators which I have herein shown and described,when the indicators are moved forward by the engagement of the fingers 120 with the studs 1 03 the studs of the preceding series of numerals on the indicators so advanced will, owing to the relative arrangement of the parts,en gage with and trip the latch-levers 100 of such indicators. To prevent the tripping of the levers 100 from releasing the carrying mechanism, (which would then be operated on the next return movement of the actuators,)' I provide a spring-actuated bar 124, carried'by the piv v released.

I 0tedarms125,which are mounted on the studs 126, projecting from the side frames 56. The

bar 124 extends across the front of the register and normally stands away from the bellcrank levers 96, so as not to interfere with their regular operation; but when the resetting devices are actuated the cams 127, secured to the shaft 55, will engage with the rollers 128, carried by each of the pivoted arms 125, swinging the bar 124 in against the bell-crank levers 96 and holding the latter, so

as to prevent the pawls 98 from being drawn forward by springs 105 if the latches 100 are against movement (in ring the remainder of the resetting movement of the indicators.

To prevent the accidental operation of the register while the indicators are being reset and to insure the return of the resetting devices to their proper position, Iprovide a circuit controlling device consisting of the spring arms or contacts 129 and 130, insulated from each other at their pointsof support and each forming a terminal for the circuit through the magnets 78. The arm 129carriesa lug'131, and when the resetting lever is in its normal position, as shown in Fig. 5, the lower end of the arm 132 bears against said lug and holds the arms 129 and 13.0 in contact; but when the arm 117is moved even slightly from the position shown thearm 132 will be carried out of engagement with the lug and the resiliency of spring 129 will cause it to spring upwardly. Its contact-point will be separated from that of the arm 130 and the circuit will be opened at this point and will remain open until the resetting-lever and the devices connected therewith are returned to their normal position.

The selector to which Ihave previously re-- ferred is shown diagrammatically in Fig.,13 and in detail in Fig. 4. It is designated by the reference character 6 and comprises two rows of contact-springs 133, one for each column of characters in group 7 of the record shown in Fig. 14. Each of the springs 133 is electrically connected with its corresponding mercury-cup of the controller. For instance, the fourth spring from the top in the left-hand row, Fig. 13, is connected with the cup corresponding with the 3 in the tens-column of group 7 and the sixth spring in the righthand row with the cup corresponding with the 5 in the units-column of the same group.

In front of each row of springs are conducting-bars 134, having plug-holes corresponding to the springs 133. The springs normally contact with the conducting's'trips 136; but such contact is broken by theinsertion of the plugs 135, as shown in Fig. 4. When the plugs are inserted in the proper holes and the cards presented to the controller are prop- ;erly punched for the series corresponding to the location of the plugs, the circuit through The levers 96 are thus held firmly IIO the controller will be properly completed, as

will be described presently; but if a record belonging to another series beaccidentally viously its capacity may be increased indefinitely, and, if desired, the remainder of the apparatus may be operated without em ploying the selector, which is used only for the purpose of detecting error in the sorting or classification of the cards. In case the selector be not employed it is to becut out of circuit by throwing the switch from the contact 140 to the contact 141.

Should there be no number to be registered on any one of the registers, it will be necessary in employing the apparatus I have already described to punch out all the ciphers in that group of the record which controls such register in order to establish the circuit through the apparatus. If the omitted items are sufficiently numerous, however, I obviate the necessity of so much punching by mak-' ing a single perforation'in the record-card, whereby any one or more of the registers may be entirely out out of circuit. For this purpose I provide the record with a character or series of characters, one for each register which itis desired to cut out of operation. For these characters corresponding pins and mercury-cups are arranged in the controller. To simplify the drawings and description, I have shown and will describe means by which only the register 4 is cut out of operation; but it will be readily understood that any one or more of the registers may be similarly arranged. In preparing a record where there is no item to be registered in group 11 (on register 4) the character X is punched out and no perforations are made in group 11. The pin and mercury-cup controlled by this perforation are connected, respectively,with the terminal 130 on register 3 by the conductor 162, Fig. 13, and by the return-conductor 159 to the generator 52 through the resistance 163, the resistance of which is intended to equal that of the register 4. The circuit will thus, upon the operation of the controller, be established around the register 4 from the terminal 130 of register 3 to the return-wire 159.

In addition to the spring-pins and mercurycups corresponding to the characters delineated upon the record certain other springpins and cups 144 and 152 are arranged in the controller just outside of the edges of the card when it is properly inserted in the controller, so that if the card be not correctly placed in the controller these pins will strike the card when the controller is operated and the circuit through the system will remain open at these points. Any desired number and arrangement of these safety contact-pins may be employed.

The apparatus which I have herein shown and described as embodying myinvention in one of its forms arranged for the class of work referred to is operated as follows: The record-cards pertaining to one series having been properly punched, the switch-plugs135 are inserted in the selector, so as to engage the springs connected with the mercury-cups controlled by the perforations of the series being tabulated. In the case of the card illustrated the plugs would be inserted in the fourth hole in'the left-hand and in the sixth hole in. the right-hand bars 134. A record-card is then inserted in the controller, the handle 17 is depressed, and assuming that this particular card be punched, as shown in Fig. 14, the circuit will be completed as follows: From the generator 52 by conductor 142, switch 138, conductor 143 to the controller contact-terminal 23, through spring-contacts 21 and 22, safety contact-pin and cup 144, conductor 145, switch 139, conductor 146 to all the springpins controlled by the first or tens column of the selector group 7 of the record, to the mercury-cup controlled by character 3 in said column, thence by one of the conductors in the cable 147 to the fourth spring (from the top) in the tens or left-hand column of the selector, through the plug which connects the same to the bar 134, to conductor 148, to the pins controlled by the units-column of group 7, to the mercury-cup controlled by the character 5 in said column, by one of the conductors in cable 150 to the sixth spring of the selector, through the conducting-plug in contact therewith to its bar 134 and conductor 151 to the safety contact-pin and cup 152, to the pins controlled by the fifth column (that at the left) of group 8, to the mercury-cup controlled by the cipher of said column, (that character having been punched,) through its conductor carried by cable 153 to the resistance-coil in the corresponding or fifth series of magnets in register 1, (this, as shown in the diagram, being the outside series,)'by the return-conductor to the coils of the second magnet in the fourth series, (releasing the tripping-pawl of such"1nagnet,) by the conductor in cable 154 to the mercury-cup controlled by the character 2 in the fourth column of group 8, (that character having been punched,) through the spring-pin for said cup to a common return for all the pins controlled by the fourth and third columns of said group, to the mercury-cup controlled by the character 1 of the third column, by its conductor carried by the cable 155 to the first magnet in. the third series, (releasing the tripping-pawl of such magnet,) thence to the resistance connected with the second series of magnets, thence by the conductor carried by the cable to the mercurycup controlled by the cipher in the second column of group 8 of the record, to its pin and to the common return for all the pins ter and through-the controller, as describedcontrolled by the first and second columns of. group 8, thence to the cup controlled by'the 8 in the first orunits column of said group, thence by the conductor carriedby the cable to the coils of the eighth magnet in the first series of magnets, (releasing the pawl of such magnet,) thence by conductor 156 to the spring-contact 129, to the contact 130, and thence to the register 2, and so on through the magnet or resistance coils of each regisifor the register 1. In each register the tripping-pawls 86:01? the magnets corresponding .withtperforations in the record-cardwill be released as the circuit is completed. through the magnet-coilsp From the contact 130 of the'last register, 4, the current will pass by conductor 159 to the. contact 50 through the conducting-strip 49 and the coils of the. starting-magnet 27, back to the generator. Inn'- mediatelyupon the completion of the circuit, as described, by the lowering of the pin-box the. coils of the starting-magnet are -stantly-driven shaft 28 into gear with. the

energized and the clutch mechanism, Figs. 9 to 11, is operated thereby to throw the conshaft 42, whichwill rotate the shaft 42, car rying the pinion 77, which meshes with the spur-wheels 74 of each register, and willalso rotate the wheel 44, Figs. 9 and 12, andcarry the pin out of engagement with they lever 46, thereby throwing the conducting-strip 49 out of contact with terminal and 'into contact, with terminal 51, breaking the circuit through the registers and controller and establishing the circuit from the generator through conductor 160, resistance 53, contact 51, conducting-strip 49, conductor 165, magnet 27, and back to the generator. I The shifting of the circuit. through the starting-magnets is practically instantaneous and does not stop the rotation of the spur-wheels 74, which are started as soonas the circuit is first completed through the controller and which,

notwithstanding the breaking of the circuit through the controllerby its return .to.its initial position, continue their movement when the circuit is shifted tothe control. of the motor (through the'action of the pin 45 on .Wheel 44) until said wheel 44 makes one complete revolution, when the pin 45 will again engage lever 46 and carry the strip 49 out of contact .with terminal 51 and into con.-

tact with terminal 50. This will instantly stop the rotation of the spur-wheels 74, owing to the .releaseof the armature-lever36and the clutch mechanism andi the engagement of the clutch member 34 with thestationary bearing 31.. Returningto that point inth'e" operation of the apparatus at which the pinbox hasbeen lowered tocomplete the circuit through the prescribed magnets and the cor responding tripping-pawls havebeen released, the rotation of the spur-wheels 74 will. oper-. ate the indicator-actuating mechanism and cause thetripping-pawlsfto release'the pawls of the actuating mechanism, which will enment .to the indicator.

gage the indicators, moving the latter to re,,-

ister the numerals punched in the record. This is accomplished duringthe first halfrevolution of the spur-wheels 74. .During the remainder of the revolution on the return movement of the actuating mechanism the carrying devices are operated and theactuator-p'awls are reset. By this operation the number 2108' Willhave been added to the registry of register 1, 12 to the register 2, .400 to the register 3, and nothing to .the register 4. ..As soon as the control of the.

starting-magnets has been shifted from the controller the pin ,box is released and returns to its initial position. Thecard is removedandanother inserted.- [By this time the revolution. of the operating mechanism will have been completed and the pin-box is again lowered, another operation of the apparatus is effected, and another series of items is added to those previously registered, and

so on, until the tabulation is completed, when Y the total registry is suitably recorded and the indicators are all reset forlanother tabulation.-

Having thusshown .and'described my invention, whatI claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is.-

g 1. The combination of one or more indicators, actuating mechanism therefor, a plurality of devices for controlling the engagement of each indicator with the actuating mechanism and record-controlled means'for actuating one only of said devices at each operation of the machine to impart a variable move- 2. The combination of one tors, actuating mechanism therefor, engaging or more .indicamechanism for: connecting each indicator with the actuatingwmechanism, a plurality of devices for operating the engaging mechanism foreach indicator and record-controlled means foractuating one only of said devices at each operation of the machineto impart a Variable movement. to the indicator.

3.. Thecombination of a variably-movable registering-indicator, actuating mechanism therefor having a fixed range of movement,

a-perforated record. and means controlled by the perforations in the record for determining the extent of movement imparted to the indicator at each operation of the actuating mechanism; 1 1

4. The combination of a plurality of regis tering-indicators, actuating mechanism for the indicators adapted to impart a variable movement thereto,'a perforated record and means controlled .by the perif orations in the IIO record for determining the extent of movement to be impartedto each indicator at each operation. of the actuating mechanism.

5. The combination of a plurality-of-variably-movable registering-indicators, actuating mechanism for the indicators having a fixed range of movement, aperforated record and .means controlled by the perforations in the'record for determining the extent of movef 35 v c, c

i for, amotor for operating,thesame,yconnect-' foo ' saidfconnections 'ment to be imparted to each indicator at each operation of the actuating mechanism.

6. The combination of one or more indicators, aetuatingmechanism for the indicators, a single engaging device for each indicator carried by the actuating mechanism, a plurality of operating devices therefor arranged along the path of movement of each engaging device and each controlling the engagement of the indicator and its actuator at a different point in the movement of the actuating mechanism and record-controlled means for operating one of said operating devices at each movement of the; actuating mechanism to impart a variable movement to the indicatoru g 7. The combination of oneor more indicators, actuating mechanism'therefor, a record, an engaging device for eachindicator carried with .the actuating mechanism and means controlled by the record andthe movement of the ,actuatonfor .operating'the engaging device at a predetermined point in the movea mentof the actuating mechanism.

' 8. The combination of one or more indicators, actuating mechanismtherefor, a record, an electrically-actuated engaging device for each indicator andcircuit-closing devices controlled by the recordfor operating said engaging device-at different points in the movement of the actuating mechanism, the point at which, the engaging device is operated being determined bythe record.

9. The combination of a plurality ofregistering indic'ators, actuating mechanism there Ling mechanism between. thea'ctuating :rnechmechanism. q 10. The combination of a pluralityolf'regis-v anisni and th'ecmotorand electrically conf trolled devices for-o 14 pe'ra'tiu g connecting tering indicatoraa imotor'for operating the same, connecting mechanismbettveen the,in'-' dicatorsandthe-motor and; electrically-con c mechanism t'or eachindicat'or independently."

trolled meanszfor' actuating the connecting;

-11. Thecombination of a plurality of reg isa tering-jindicators, a. motor for operating the f same, connecting mechanism betweenftjhe in- 1 dicators and the fmotor, a r ecord 'and means controlled bytherecord'fol-actuating the'connectingmechanism for-eachindicator iudeQ 'p n l v I 12.;1 The combination of a' plurality ofregis tejring-indicatorsg,actuatingmechanismga mo. 1

I to'r'for operatingsaidmechanism,"record-com" trolled 1 means "for connecting each indicator a .with said. mechanism, 'con'neictions between the motor andsaid actuatingmechanism and electrically controlled cans for operating 13-. The combination cators, actuating mechanism "'for'I-the indicators,record controlled fineans'fordeterinin ing the extent of,move'mentimpartedto each indicator at each-' operation ot-i'ts actuating: mechanism and carrying devices "adapted to of a" of met 1 operate after the indicators have been moved by the actuating mechanism.

14. The combination of a plurality of indicators, actuators adapted on one movement adapted to'be operated during the return movement of theactuatiug mechanism.

16. The combination of a registering-indL cator, actuating mechanism therefor, recordcontrolled means for controlling the movementofthe indicator and a selector for controlling the operation of the actuating mechanism. 1 i j '17. The combination of a registering-indicator, actuating mechanism therefor, record- 'controlled means for determining the extent of movement imparted to each indicator at each operation of its actuating. mechanism an'dja selector for controlling theoperation of the actuating mechanism. a

18. The combination with the indicators and their'actuatiug mechanism,of record-conmovement'imparted to each indicatorat each trolled means for determining the extent of g operationof its actuating mechanisnna sea. I

lector'for. controllingihe operation of the actuating mechanism and asignal controlled by the selector. v a

"19. Thecombination with an indicator, an

ingst he extent of movement imparted to the indicator at eachoperation' of itsactuator, a selector governing the' means for imparting movement to'the' actuator and asignal'under the control ofthe selector and operated when 1 i the; actuatorfails to impart movement to the indicator. 1

2'O./-'Thecombination ot variably-movable indicators, actuating mechanismtherefor, an. engaging deviceior connectingeach indicator; i Qw'ith its actuatingmechanism and electric-II -ally-controlledfdevices for operating said'en-Q gaging device's to determine the extent of. movement imparted to the indicator,'at'each operation of the machine.

21.1 m combination'withthe aa aa able indicators, of actuatiu'gjmechanism havf" ing a fixed rangeof movement, an engaging device for connecting.eachlindicator with its actuatingmechanism, means for "operating saiden gaging device at a predetermined "point inthe movement of'the actuating mechanism,

IIO actuator therefor,yineaus for moving the ac.-

tuator, record fcontrolled means for determin a motor, and electrically-controlled means for connecting and disconnecting the actuator and motor. p

22. The combination of an indicator, an ac- 5 tuator therefor, an engaging device for the indicator carried with the actuator and recordcontrolled means for operating the engaging device at a predeterminedpoint in the movement of the actuator; 23. The combination of an indicator, an ac-. tuator therefor having a fixed range of movement, a pawl carried with said actuator and adapted to engage with the indicator, a rec- -or d-card and means controlled by the record- I card for tripping the pawl at a predetermined 1 point in the movementat the actuator.

* 24. The combination'of a plurality of indicaters, actuating mechanism therefor, pawlscarried by the actuating mechanism for en- 2o gagement-withthe'indicators and record-controlled ineansby which said pawls may be tripped atpredeterminedpoints in the movementof the actuating mechanism. r

. trolledmeans for tripping thepawl ata pree: pawlai'ter the indicator-has been moved.

m ned point 2 int emovementof the actuating r'nechanis 'The 'c'oinbinfatio with aplurality ofre 'andtheir actnating mechanism, ota pawl'car ried by'the actuator, means for tripping the ried. thereby for 'eaehindicator, record-con? V determined point in the movement ofthe' ac tuating mechanism, and means forresetting said shaft with a motor to start the actuating devices, means controlled by-the record for releasing the connection between said shaft and the motor from the control of the record and maintaining said connection independently of the record-control, and means for re leasing the'shaft from connection with the motor upon the completion of'one movement of the actuating devices. i Y

31. In a tabulating apparatus, the coinbination of a record, a motor, the indicators and their actuating mechanism, a'clutch adapted; to connect the latter with the motor, a mag-' net' controlling the clutch', record-controlled means for controlling thecircuit through the :j magnet to startthe indicator-actuating mech i anism,'andmeans actuated'b'y the'mot'or for shifting the controlofthe'magnet'to'acircuit not controlled by the record and means for releasing the connection between; theimotor' and the indicator-actuating"means'fand' var-q i c resting the movement ofi the latter atthe end T g V;

oftheir prescribed,movement 32. The combination of'the indie-at rs n actuating devices, afclutch to'connect'tlie l ter with a motor, magnet controlling said 3 clutch, a record-controlled :ineans by'which' "f f I p the circuit'through the, magnet is completed 5. to operate vthe clutch and-starttbe'acltuating i 1 devices, aswitch operated-by".the motor to break 'said'icircuit 'aud t rnaintaii mum; at through the magnet'i'n'dependentl y of the rec- 1 ordicontrolled means duringfthe prescribed'idd movemcntofithejj actuatin devices,aI 1d means of-aplurali y Qf' int H 

